1 Cor 10

 

Footnotes

1. 10:1 The cloud of glory is a picture of the Holy Spirit.
2. 10:2 Or “baptized themselves.” There are at least eight distinct baptisms mentioned in the New Testament:                                                                                                                          (1) the baptism of John (John 1:31–33), (2) Christ’s baptism (John 3:22), (3) a baptism of suffering (Luke 12:50), (4) a baptism into the cloud of glory (1 Cor. 10:2), (5) a baptism into the sea (a picture of redemption—1 Cor. 10:2), (6) believer’s baptism in water (Matt. 28:19; Acts 2:38–41), (7) baptism into Christ and into his body (1 Cor. 12:13; Gal. 3:27), and (8) baptism in the Holy Spirit (Matt. 3:11–14; Acts 1:5; 11:16; 19:2–3). See also Heb. 6:2.
3. 10:3 Or “spiritual food.” See Ex. 16; Ps. 78:24–25; John 6:31–48.
4. 10:4 See Ex. 17:6; Num. 20:7–21; Ps. 78:15.
5. 10:4 Christ is the anointed Rock of truth and the Rock of shelter. The people drank of his living water. The miracle of the Rock of Christ provided them with water wherever they journeyed. He is a fountain that never runs dry, for he will never leave us alone in a wilderness.
6. 10:5 The Aramaic can be translated “They failed [the test] in the wilderness.”
7. 10:7 Although most translations have “They rose up to play,” this is misleading. To translate the Greek word paizō in this context is extremely difficult. However, because of the next verse, it appears Paul is saying that they rose up after feasting and drinking to fall into immorality. Although paizō could be translated “They rose up to sport” or “They rose up to hilarity,” it seems that sexual immorality is the more likely inference here. The Aramaic word can be translated “carouse.”
8. 10:8 Some manuscripts have “twenty-four thousand.” See Num. 25:9.
9. 10:9 Some manuscripts have “Christ.”
10. 10:9 See Num. 21:5–9.
11. 10:10 In the Pentateuch there are at least sixteen occasions of the people of Israel murmuring. Believers today have even more spiritual blessings than Israel experienced in the wilderness, which would make our complaining even more odious.
12. 10:10 Or “the destroying angel.”
13. 10:11 As translated from the Aramaic. The Greek is “The end of the ages has arrived upon us.”
14. 10:13 Or “which has fastened onto you.”
15. 10:13 Or “temptation.”
16. 10:13 That is, God’s faithfulness and grace will limit the severity of every test and prevent you from being tested beyond your ability to cope. Unlimited grace is available for every believer who faces hardship, temptations, and seasons of difficulty.
17. 10:13 Or “an exodus.” Trust in God’s faithfulness is the way of escape that empowers us to overcome every difficulty we may experience. We are not told that every difficulty will be removed from our lives, but that God’s grace provides an exit path.
18. 10:13 Or “God bears up under you to take you out of danger” (Gr. hupophero) or “God provides a way of escape so that you may be empowered to endure it.” God’s faithfulness gives us both a way of escape and the power to endure.
19. 10:16 The Aramaic can be translated “the presence of the blood of Jesus.” There is no indication that the communion elements are “symbols.” Life is not imparted by partaking of a dead symbol or emblem. When we take communion (common-union) we participate in the reality and substance of the blood and body of our Lord Jesus.
20. 10:16 The Aramaic can be translated “the presence of the body of the Messiah.”
21. 10:17 The Aramaic can be translated “We are nourished by that one loaf of bread.”
22. 10:21 Or “participate,” which is the Greek word metaecho, or “echo with.”
23. 10:22 Or “Are we really stronger than he is?”
24. 10:26 See Pss. 24:1; 50:12; 89:11.
25. 10:27 Or “questions of conscience.”
26. 10:30 Or “eating food that I gave thanks for.”